Fundamentals of Fire Phenomena
Author: James G Quintier
Understanding fire dynamics and combustion is essential in fire safety engineering and in fire science curricula. Engineers and students involved in fire protection, safety and investigation need to know and predict how fire behaves to be able to implement adequate safety measures and hazard analyses. Fire phenomena encompass everything about the scientific principles behind fire behavior. Combining the principles of chemistry, physics, heat and mass transfer, and fluid dynamics necessary to understand the fundamentals of fire phenomena, this book integrates the subject into a clear discipline:
• Covers thermochemistry including mixtures and chemical reactions;
• Introduces combustion to the fire protection student;
• Discusses premixed flames and spontaneous ignition;
• Presents conservation laws for control volumes, including the effects of fire;
• Describes the theoretical bases for empirical aspects of the subject of fire;
• Analyses ignition of liquids and the importance of evaporation including heat and mass transfer;
• Features the stages of fire in compartments, and the role of scale modeling in fire.
Fundamentals of Fire Phenomena is an invaluable reference tool for practising engineers in any aspect of safety or forensic analysis. Fire safety officers, safety practitioners and safety consultants will also find it an excellent resource. In addition, this is a must-have book for senior engineering students and postgraduates studying fire protection and fire aspects of combustion.
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Democracy as Problem Solving: Civic Capacity in Communities Across the Globe
Author: Xavier De Souza Briggs
Complexity, division, mistrust, and "process paralysis" can thwart leaders and others when they tackle local challenges. In Democracy as Problem Solving, Xavier de Souza Briggs shows how civic capacity--the capacity to create and sustain smart collective action--can be developed and used. In an era of sharp debate over the conditions under which democracy can develop while broadening participation and building community, Briggs argues that understanding and building civic capacity is crucial for strengthening governance and changing the state of the world in the process. More than managing a contest among interest groups or spurring deliberation to reframe issues, democracy can be what the public most desires: a recipe for significant progress on important problems.
Briggs examines efforts in six cities, in the United States, Brazil, India, and South Africa, that face the millennial challenges of rapid urban growth, economic restructuring, and investing in the next generation. These challenges demand the engagement of government, business, and nongovernmental sectors. And the keys to progress include the ability to combine learning and bargaining continuously, forge multiple forms of accountability, and find ways to leverage the capacity of the grassroots and what Briggs terms the "grasstops," regardless of who initiates change or who participates over time. Civic capacity, Briggs shows, can--and must--be developed even in places that lack traditions of cooperative civic action.
Table of Contents:
I Foundations 1
1 Introduction 3
2 Democracy and Public Problems 27
II Managing Urban Growth 47
3 Managing Urban Growth: The Problem and Its Civics 49
4 Rethinking the American West: A Civic Intermediary and the Movement for "Quality Growth" in Utah 63
5 The Grassroots-to-Grasstops Dynamic: Slum Redevelopment and Accountability in Mumbai 89
III Restructuring the Economy 121
6 The Civics of Economic Restructuring 123
7 The Hyper-organized Region: Leading the Next "New Economy" in Pittsburgh 143
8 Progressive Regionalism and Entrepreneurial Government: Democratization and Competitive Restructuring in the Greater ABC, Brazil 185
IV Investing in the Next Generation 219
9 Leading Change in Child and Youth Well-Being 221
10 From the Ballot Box to Better Results: Cross-Sector Accountability in the San Francisco Children's Movement 231
11 Rights, Conflict, and Civic Capacity: Meeting the Needs of Poor Children and Families in Postapartheid Cape Town 257
V Lessons 295
12 Conclusion 297
Notes 317
References 333
Index 359
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