Nationalism Reframed or Essentials of International Relations

Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question Reframed in the New Europe

Author: Rogers Brubaker

Nationalism Reframed is a theoretically and historically informed study of nationalism in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Rogers Brubaker develops an original account of the interlocking and opposed nationalisms of national minorities, the nationalizing states in which they live, and the external national homelands to which they are linked by external ties. He then analyzes contemporary nationalisms in historical and comparative perspective, tracing the parallels between the Eastern European nationalisms of today and those of the interwar period.

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Essentials of International Relations

Author: Karen A Mingst

Essentials of International Relations, available in a Third Edition, is widely recognized for its concise, lucid coverage of the fundamental topics of international political theory. Taking a balanced view of major theoretical approaches to international politics-including liberalism and realism, as well as Marxism, feminism, and constructivism-Professor Mingst provides the analytical tools students need to understand world political affairs at the individual, state, and international system levels. The Third Edition has been thoroughly updated and revised to reflect recent global developments, and its brief format affords instructors the flexibility of customizing their curriculum using supplementary readings from the Norton Series in World Politics or other books. Concise but comprehensive, sophisticated yet accessible, Essentials of International Relations remains the premier-and most affordable-brief text in this dynamic field.

Table of Contents:

	List of Maps	xi
	Preface	xiii
1	Approaches to International Relations
	International Relations in Daily Life	1
	Thinking Theoretically	3
	Developing the Answers	4
	Integrating the Answers	11
	In Sum: Making Sense of International Relations	13
	Where Do We Go from Here?	14
2	The Historical Context of Contemporary International Relations
	The Pre-Westphalian World	18
	The Emergence of the Westphalian System	25
	Europe in the Nineteenth Century	28
	The Interwar Years and World War II	35
	The Cold War	38
	The Post-Cold War Era	49
	In Sum: Learning from History	53
3	Contending Perspectives: How to Think about International Relations Theoretically
	Thinking Theoretically	55
	Theory and the Levels of Analysis	59
	Liberalism and Neoliberal Institutionalism	62
	Realism and Neorealism	65
	The Radical Perspective	71
	Constructivism	74
	Theory in Action: Analyzing the 1991 Gulf War and the 2003 Iraq War	76
	In Sum: Seeing the World through Theoretical Lenses	80
4	The International System
	The Notion of a System	83
	The International System according to Liberals	84
	The International System according to Realists	86
	The International System according to Radicals	95
	Advantages and Disadvantages of the International System as a Level of Analysis	96
	In Sum: From the International System to the State	99
5	The State
	The State and the Nation	101
	Contending Conceptualizations of the State	103
	The Nature of State Power	108
	Using State Power	112
	Models of Foreign-Policy Decisionmaking	121
	Challenges to the State	128
	In Sum: The State and Challenges Beyond	133
6	The Individual
	Foreign-Policy Elites: Individuals Who Matter	137
	Private Individuals	147
	Mass Publics	150
	In Sum: How Much Do Individuals Matter?	155
7	Intergovernmental Organizations, Nongovernmental Organizations, and International Law
	Intergovernmental Organizations	159
	Nongovernmental Organizations	180
	International Law	185
	Realist Views of International Organization and Law	191
	The Radical View of International Organization and Law	192
	In Sum: Do Intergovernmental Organizations, Nongovernmental Organizations, and International Law Make a Difference?	194
8	War and Strife
	The Causes of War	198
	The Changing Character of Warfare and Its Instruments	208
	The Just War Tradition	217
	Approaches to Managing Insecurity	218
	Other Threats to International Security	228
	In Sum: International Security, Old and New	229
9	International Political Economy
	Contending Theoretical Approaches	235
	Key Concepts in Liberal Economics	242
	Power, Competition, and Development in the International Political Economy	244
	The Role of Institutions in Managing Power, Competition, and Development	256
	In Sum: Economic Convergence and Divergence	269
10	Globalizing Issues
	Health and Disease--Protecting Life in the Commons	274
	The Environment--Protecting Space in the Global Commons	280
	Human Rights--Protecting Human Dignity	296
	The Impact of Globalizing Issues	307
	Do Globalizing Issues Lead to Global Governance?	311
	In Sum: Changing You	313
	Glossary	315
	Index	325

Handbook of Gerontology or The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia

Handbook of Gerontology: Evidence-Based Approaches to Theory, Practice, and Policy

Author: Catherine N Dulmus

A multidisciplinary resource that combines the latest research with the best practices for working with older adults

The Handbook of Gerontology: Evidence-Based Approaches to Theory, Practice, and Policy provides an essential source of important theoretical and applied information on gerontology for all mental health professionals interested in optimizing the health and well-being of older adults. Interdisciplinary and incorporating the most current evidence-based practices in its focus, this timely book considers the many factors that affect the way this growing population experiences the world-and provides a positive and proactive guide to administering care.

Integrating the latest research findings with important practice implications for working with an older client population, the Handbook of Gerontology draws on a multidisciplinary team of expert contributors who provide coverage and insight into a diverse range of topics, including:

• A global perspective on aging

• Elder abuse

• Family caregiving

• Parenting grandchildren

• Depression

• Substance abuse

• Alzheimer's disease

• Successful aging and personality

• Biological and cognitive aspects and theories of aging

An exceptional resource for practitioners, researchers, policymakers, and students, the Handbook of Gerontology is essential reading for anyone who works with older adults.

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The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia (Library of Modern Middle East Studies Series)

Author: David Commins

This is a definitive and authoritative account of the conservative interpretation of Islam that is the official creed of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Wahhabism. Muslim critics have dismissed it as a heretical innovation that manipulated a backward people to gain political control. David Commins dismisses the clichés, examines the nature of Wahhabism, and offers original findings as to how Wahhabism rose to dominance in Arabia and projected its influence in the Muslim world. He also assesses the challenges that it faces from radical militants within the Kingdom.

Table of Contents:

1	Islam began as a stranger and will return as a stranger	7
2	Holding fast against idolatry	40
3	Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud and the taming of Wahhabi zeal	71
4	Wahhabism in a modern state	104
5	The Wahhabi mission and Islamic revivalism	130
6	Challenges to Wahhabi hegemony	155
	Al al-Sheikh

Tigers Rice Silk and Silt or Environmental Pragmatism

Tigers, Rice, Silk, and Silt: Environment and Economy in Late Imperial South China

Author: Robert B Marks

Challenging the conventional wisdom of Western environmental historians, this book examines the correlations between economic and environmental changes in the southern imperial Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi (a region historically known as Lingnan, "South of the Mountains") from 1400 to
1850. Marks discusses the impact of population growth on land use patterns, the agro-ecology, and deforestation; the commercialization of agriculture and its implications; the impact of climatic change on agriculture; and the ways in which the human population responded to environmental challenges.

Table of Contents:

	List of Maps, Figures, and Tables
	Dynasties, Qing Dynasty Emperors' Reign Dates, and Weights and Measures
	Acknowledgments
	Introduction	1
1	"Firs and Pines a Hundred Spans Round": The Natural Environment of Lingnan	16
2	"All Deeply Forested and Wild Places Are Not Malarious": Human Settlement and Ecological Change in Lingnan, 2-1400 CE	53
3	"Agriculture Is the Foundation": Economic Recovery and Development of Lingnan during the Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644	84
4	"All the People Have Fled": War and the Environment in the Mid-Seventeenth-Century Crisis, 1644-83	134
5	"Rich Households Compete to Build Ships": Overseas Trade and Economic Recovery	163
6	"It Never Used to Snow": Climatic Change and Agricultural Productivity	195
7	"There Is Only a Certain Amount of Grain Produced": Granaries and the Role of the State in the Food Supply System	226
8	"Trade in Rice Is Brisk": Market Integration and the Environment	249
9	"Population Increases Daily, but the Land Does Not": Land Clearance in the Eighteenth Century	277
10	"People Said that Extinction Was Not Possible": The Ecological Consequences of Land Clearance	309
	Conclusion	333
	Bibliography	346
	Index	371

Book review: Forensic Science Laboratory Manual And Workbook Revised Edition or Proactive Police Management

Environmental Pragmatism

Author: Andrew Light

Environmental pragmatism is a new strategy in environmental thought: it argues that theoretical debates are hindering the ability of the environmental movement to forge agreement on basic policy imperatives. This new direction in environmental philosophy moves beyond theory, advocating a serious inquiry into the practical merits of moral pluralism. Environmental pragmatism, as a coherent philosophical position, connects the methodology of classical American pragmatist thought to the explanation, solution and discussion of real issues.

Forensic Science Laboratory Manual And Workbook Revised Edition or Proactive Police Management

Forensic Science Laboratory Manual And Workbook, Revised Edition

Author: Thomas Kubic

A laboratory companion to the Forensic Science: An Introduction to Scientific and Investigative Techniques textbook, Forensic Science Laboratory Manual and Workbook, Revised Edition provides many basic, hands-on experiments that can be completed with inexpensive and accessible instrumentation, making this an ideal workbook for non-science majors.

The experiments cover all the typical trace evidence tests including body fluid, soil, glass, fiber, ink, and hair. This revised edition provides numerous new experiments in odontology, anthropology, archeology, chemistry, and trace evidence. It also includes several new chemistry experiments at a slightly higher level to appeal to classes emphasizing chemistry. Experiments involving impression evidence, such as fingerprints, bite marks, footwear, and firearms, as well as forensic archeology, forensic anthropology, the use of digital and traditional photography, and basic microscopy are also featured.

All of the experiments incorporate hands-on elements to facilitate the learning process. Students must apply the scientific method of reasoning, deduction, and problem solving in order to successfully complete the experiments covered and attain a solid understanding of fundamental forensic science.

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Proactive Police Management

Author: Edward A Thibault

Required reading for civil service promotional examinations. "Proactive Police Management" provides a review of the various approaches to police management using a contemporary and proactive approach. The seventh edition has been extensively revised, including new information on technology, operational and fiscal planning, management styles, training techniques, budgeting methods and national security concerns. It continues to balance planning and communication; theory and practice; and authoritative and participatory leadership approaches - emphasizing a consultative management style that enables all stakeholders to effectively anticipate, prevent and react to crime within their community. This book is used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations. The "Prentice Hall's Test Prep Guide to Accompany Proactive Police Management" (ISBN: 0-13-170126-6) is used in conjunction with this title to help law enforcement professionals prepare for their promotional exams. Shows how the combination of new proactive management techniques and the application of new technology are revolutionizing policing. Covers traditional scientific management, the behavioral/systems approach, and the human relations approach. Emphasizes community-policing, problem-oriented policing and intelligence-led policing. Used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations.

Booknews

Provides a review, analysis, and synthesis of the various approaches to police management, including traditional scientific management, the behavioral/systems approach, and the human relations approach. Covers police subculture, basic organizational concepts, operating principles, proactive police leadership, managing the police organization, and collective bargaining. Includes questions, class projects, and key terms for each chapter. This third edition includes updated material on information management and career criminals. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Going Home to the Fifties or Collectivism after Modernism

Going Home to the Fifties

Author: William Yenn

With the postwar economic boom, a vast middle class emerged. Suburbs exploded across the country, and the new industrial complex cranked out cars, appliances, and home furnishings in record numbers. In Going Home to the Fifties, Bill Yenne guides readers through an idealized neighborhood of the period, from the schools, roads, and commuter trains to the homes, kitchens, and backyards — all drawn from the fantasy worlds created by advertising. Color photos and illustrations are featured in this presentation of the ideal of 1950s suburban living.

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Collectivism after Modernism: The Art of Social Imagination after 1945

Author: Blake Stimson

“Don’t start an art collective until you read this book.” —Guerrilla Girls

“Ever since Web 2.0 with its wikis, blogs and social networks the art of collaboration is back on the agenda. Collectivism after Modernism convincingly proves that art collectives did not stop after the proclaimed death of the historical avant-gardes. Like never before technology reinvents the social and artists claim the steering wheel!” —Geert Lovink, Institute of Network Cultures, Amsterdam

“This examination of the succession of post-war avant-gardes and collectives is new, important, and engaged.” — Stephen F. Eisenman, author of The Abu Ghraib Effect

“Collectivism after Modernism crucially helps us understand what artists and others can do in mushy, stinky times like ours. What can the seemingly powerless do in the face of mighty forces that seem to have their act really together? Here, Stimson and Sholette put forth many good answers.” —Yes Men

Spanning the globe from Europe, Japan, and the United States to Africa, Cuba, and Mexico, Collectivism after Modernism explores the ways in which collectives function within cultural norms, social conventions, and corporate or state-sanctioned art. Together, these essays demonstrate that collectivism survives as an influential artistic practice despite the art world’s star system of individuality. Collectivism after Modernism provides the historical understanding necessary for thinking through postmodern collective practice, now and into the future.

Contributors: Irina Aristarkhova, JesseDrew, Okwui Enwezor, Rubén Gallo, Chris Gilbert, Brian Holmes, Alan Moore, Jelena Stojanovi´c, Reiko Tomii, Rachel Weiss.

Blake Stimson is associate professor of art history at the University of California Davis, the author of The Pivot of the World: Photography and Its Nation, and coeditor of Visual Worlds and Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology. Gregory Sholette is an artist, writer, and cofounder of collectives Political Art Documentation/Distribution and REPOhistory. He is coeditor of The Interventionists: Users’ Manual for the Creative Disruption of Everyday Life.

“To understand the various forms of postwar collectivism as historically determined phenomena and to articulate the possibilities for contemporary collectivist art production is the aim of Collectivism after Modernism. The essays assembled in this anthology argue that to make truly collective art means to reconsider the relation between art and public; examples from the Situationist International and Group Material to Paper Tiger Television and the Congolese collective Le Groupe Amos make the point. To construct an art of shared experience means to go beyond projecting what Blake Stimson and Gregory Sholette call the “imagined community”: a collective has to be more than an ideal, and more than communal craft; it has to be a truly social enterprise. Not only does it use unconventional forms and media to communicate the issues and experiences usually excluded from artistic representation, but it gives voice to a multiplicity of perspectives. At its best it relies on the participation of the audience to actively contribute to the work, carrying forth the dialogue it inspires.” —BOMB

The End of the West or Ending Empire

The End of the West?: Crisis and Change in the Atlantic Order

Author: Jeffrey Anderson

The past several years have seen strong disagreements between the U.S. government and many of its European allies, largely due to the deployment of NATO forces in Afghanistan and the commitment of national forces to the occupation of Iraq. News accounts of these challenges focus on isolated incidents and points of contention. The End of the West? addresses some basic questions: Are we witnessing a deepening transatlantic rift, with wide-ranging consequences for the future of world order? Or are today's foreign-policy disagreements the equivalent of dinner-table squabbles? What harm, if any, have recent events done to the enduring relationships between the U.S. government and its European counterparts?

The contributors to this volume, whose backgrounds range from political science and history to economics, law, and sociology, examine the "deep structure" of an order that was first imposed by the Allies in 1945 and has been a central feature of world politics ever since. Creatively and insightfully blending theory and evidence, the chapters in The End of the West? examine core structural features of the transatlantic world to determine whether current disagreements are minor and transient or catastrophic and permanent.

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Ending Empire: Contested Sovereignty and Territorial Partition

Author: Hendrik Spruyt

At the dawn of the twentieth century, imperial powers controlled most of the globe. Within a few decades after World War II, many of the great empires had dissolved, and more recently, multinational polities have similarly disbanded. This process of reallocating patterns of authority, from internal hierarchy to inter-state relations, proved far more contentious in some cases than in others. While some governments exited the colonial era without becoming embroiled in lengthy conflicts, others embarked on courses that drained their economies, compelled huge sacrifices, and caused domestic upheaval and revolution. What explains these variations in territorial policy? More specifically, why do some governments have greater latitude to alter existing territorial arrangements whereas others are constrained in their room for maneuver?

In Ending Empire, Hendrik Spruyt argues that the answer lies in the domestic institutional structures of the central governments. Fragmented polities provide more opportunities for hard-liners to veto concessions to nationalist and secessionist demands, thus making violent conflict more likely. Spruyt examines these dynamics in the democratic colonial empires of Britain, France, and the Netherlands. He then turns to the authoritarian Portuguese empire and the break-up of the Soviet Union. Finally, the author submits that this theory, which speaks to the political dynamics of partition, can be applied to other contested territories, including those at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict.

About the Author:
Hendrik Spruyt is Norman Dwight Harris Professor of International Relations at Northwestern University. He is the author of The SovereignState and Its Competitors, which won the J. David Greenstone Award given by the History and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association.

Foreign Affairs

This insightful book explores one of the great dramas of the twentieth century: how imperial powers left their colonial territories. Why were the British able to relinquish control of their empire without getting caught in protracted conflicts, while others — such as the French in Indochina and Algeria — were drawn into long and violent struggles? Spruyt argues that the character of government institutions at the "center" was key. The more fragmented the political system, the greater the opportunities for hard-liners who resisted territorial partition to block policy change. Detailed case histories illuminate the domestic politics of imperial endings. Postwar Britain was an open democracy with a strong executive and extensive military oversight, and so political elites were able to deal with secessionist demands unimpeded by veto groups and entrenched interests. The French Fourth Republic, in contrast, lacked civilian control of the military, and undisciplined political parties provided hard-liners with opportunities to resist changes in the status quo. Spruyt also takes a close look at the unraveling of the Soviet empire — a surprisingly swift and peaceful divestiture of territorial control.

What People Are Saying

Charles Lipson
The unwinding of Europe's vast colonial empires is one of the great transitions of the twentieth century. Hendrik Spruyt explains the process with clear, nuanced arguments, backed with historical studies, all designed to show why different imperial powers handled that unwinding so differently. What accounts for the differences, according to Spruyt, are the varied political structures in the metropolitan countries themselves. In some countries-but not in all-groups opposed to decolonization held effective veto power over territorial changes. In developing this 'veto points' approach, Spruyt's Ending Empire provides a powerful analysis of the varied paths that decolonization took. It is a major achievement.

David A. Lake
Ending Empire is a remarkable achievement. Hendrik Spruyt addresses the collapse of overseas empires and, in one case, a multinational state/continental empire. Spruyt shines in his talent for combining theoretically informed analysis with deep historical research across multiple cases.

Charles A. Kupchan
An elegant and compelling account of the politics of decolonization, Ending Empire is a major contribution to the literature on imperialism and to the study of how domestic institutions shape grand strategy.

Table of Contents:

	Introduction : contested territories and empire	1
1	Institutional frameworks and territorial policy	11
2	The changing fortunes of empire	39
3	The hexagon or the empire : France and the Algerian quagmire	88
4	Whitehall tacks to the wind of change	117
5	Ranking with Denmark : the Dutch fear of imperial retreat	146
6	The first maritime empire and the last : Portugal in Africa	176
7	Russia retreats from the union	204
8	The fourth republic in Jerusalem	234
	Conclusion : contesting sovereignty in a global system	264

Dr Kimball and Mr Jefferson or The Idea of India

Dr. Kimball and Mr. Jefferson: Rediscovering the Founding Fathers of American Architecture

Author: Hugh Howard

When Thomas Jefferson was born, there were few high-style buildings in America, but in a lifetime full of political accomplishments, he also became the father of America’s new architecture, enabling the Neoclassical to become the de facto national style for public and private buildings. However, in a strange lapse of historical memory, Jefferson’s accomplishments were almost entirely forgotten by the time Kimball arrived on the scene almost a century later.
Dr. Kimball and Mr. Jefferson is a moment-by-moment narrative of the men who created the profession of architecture in America, and Fiske Kimball is the spokesman: As the pioneering writer, scholar, and museum director who first assembled their stories, he takes us along in the surprising paper chase that eventually revealed Jefferson’s architectural genius. Along the way, we also learn his story of dramatic discoveries and his founding of the twin disciplines of historic preservation and architectural history.

Publishers Weekly

As the architect of Monticello and the University of Virginia, among other masterful buildings, Thomas Jefferson is widely considered by contemporary academics to be the most skillful practitioner of early American architecture. In his new retelling, Howard argues persuasively that were it not for Dr. Fiske Kimball, a 20th-century scholar and historian who researched his architectural heritage, we might still think of Jefferson as primarily, and exclusively, a talented statesman. This is not an exhaustive biography-Howard has already written a definitive one on this subject. It's more like a one-act play that alternates between scenes set in Jefferson's late 18th century and Kimball's early 20th century, when he investigates numerous archives. We browse through Jefferson's library, peek over his shoulder as he writes letters and watch him sketch the European buildings that inspire him. Howard's narrative is particularly compelling as he takes us through the decades of efforts that went into Jefferson's laboratory of architectural experimentation-his country home, Monticello. For context, he also includes chapters featuring other practicing architects of the time-Pierre L'Enfant, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, Charles Bulfinch. Overall, readers will likely find that Kimball's single-minded passion for all things Jefferson is contagious. (Oct.) Copyright 2006 Reed Business Information.

Kirkus Reviews

Interwoven stories of America's earliest architects and prodigious scholar Dr. Fiske Kimball (1888-1955), who devoted his career to discovering, restoring and preserving their work. The title is a bit misleading: Although Jefferson does have a significant and signal presence in the work, he is not the only figure Howard discusses. The author has written about the master of Monticello before (Thomas Jefferson, Architect, 2003, not reviewed) and has published frequently on other architectural subjects (House-Dreams, 2001, etc.). Howard begins by sketching the early career of Kimball, who in 1914 discovered a vast cache of Jefferson's architectural drawings, a finding that led to his first book. Howard eventually takes us through Kimball's entire career (ending with his notable and ultimately contentious 30-year tenure as the director of the Philadelphia Museum of Art), periodically interrupting with substantial segments about the lives and accomplishments of America's first builders and architects, most notably William Buckland, John Trumbull, Charles Bulfinch, Benjamin Latrobe, Samuel McIntyre and Robert Mills. Some of these-especially McIntyre and Mills-are names not well-known to the general public, and Howard does a stellar job of telling their human and professional stories. The author includes numerous reproductions of early architectural drawings and, for the most part, lets us know the fates of the structures he discusses. His account of the glorious but long-gone Derby mansion in Salem will make readers wish a preservationist spirit had prevailed in 1815, the year workmen razed the building. Howard's vast research enables him to explore the connections (not always amiable) amongthese men (Mills, for example, met them all). He also explores the social and political forces that often affect the design and placement of public buildings. Howard's discussion of the controversies about the Jefferson Memorial is especially clear and comprehensive. The star here is Kimball, who upstages even Jefferson, emerging as a towering figure in American architecture and architectural scholarship.

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The Idea of India

Author: Sunil Khilnani

The key book on India in the postnuclear era, with a new Introduction by the author.Our appreciation of the importance of India can only increase in light of the recent revelations of its nuclear capabilities. Sunil Khilnani's exciting, timely study addresses the paradoxes and ironies of this, the world's largest democracy. Throughout his penetrating, provocative work, he illuminates this fundamental issue: Can the original idea of India survive its own successes?

Ian Buruma

A masterful rebuttal to all cultural romantics and religious chauvinists . . . [A] splendid book about definitions of the Indian nation. -- The New York Review of Books

Chitra Divakaruni

Especially brilliant is Khilnani's attempt to understand the changing nature of India by studying its urban constructs. -- Los Angeles Times Book Review

Amartya Sen

A splendid-and timely-book . . . Spirited, combative and insight-filled . . . Khilnani has woven a rich analysis of contemporary India and its evolution since independence. I am inclined to agree with [him] on the robustness and staying power of the secular idea of India. -- The Times Literary Supplement

The New York Times Book Review - Judith M. Brown

Khilnani writes with illuminating dexterity, wit and compassion.

Library Journal

Khilnani (politics, Univ. of London) offers a penetrating analysis of the spread of democracy to ever more diverse segments of the Indian body politic. Juxtaposed to this trend is the breakup of the Congress Party's hegemony and the subsequent growth of regional political parties. With the ebbing of congressional power and the elimination of its Socialist economic constraints, the Indian economy has embraced greater growth as the number of Indians living below the poverty line diminishes. Khilnani attributes much of this growth to India's cities, which emerge as paradoxical points of exclusion and economic dynamism when compared with rural India. In the process, national identity has in Khilnani's vision been subsumed by regional political focuses, urban and rural divisions, and greater religious identification. Hence, India's future will necessitate the continuance of a viable democracy sustaining the economic, cultural, and social diversity of the subcontinent. The author skillfully draws out the ironies and paradoxes of Indian history with a subtle, illuminating prose. For informed readers.John F. Riddick, Central Michigan Univ. Lib., Mt. Pleasant

The New York Times Book Review - Judith M. Brown

Khilnani writes with illuminating dexterity, wit and compassion.

Table of Contents:

	Foreword to the Paperback Edition
	Preface
	Author's Note
Map	The British Empire in India Before 1947
Map	India in 1997
	Introduction: Ideas of India	1
1	Democracy	15
2	Temples of the Future	61
3	Cities	107
4	Who is an Indian?	150
	Epilogue: The Garb of Modernity	196
	References	209
	Bibliographical Essay	217
	Index	243

What a Party or A Peoples History of American Empire

What a Party!

Author: Terry McAuliff

"I thought I knew Terry McAuliffe as well as anyone, but this time he surprised even me. Who knew Terry could sit still long enough to give us a book this good? What a Party! is a must-read for all of us who love politics, believe in public service, and know that laughter is often the best survival strategy."
President Bill Clinton

"No one knows more about American politics than Terry McAuliffe. He gives us some remarkable insights and knows how to make his accounts both humorous and informative."

Publishers Weekly

The ex-Democratic National Committee chair and political super- fund-raiser lives up to his nickname Mad Dog in this boisterous memoir. McAuliffe is rabidly aggressive toward Republicans (whom he describes as "willing to lie and cheat any way they could"), savaging them on talk shows and facing them down in bristling social encounters. He relentlessly pursues donors, happy to wrestle alligators and sing karaoke for checks ("for $500,000 I didn't mind humiliating myself"). He golfs, dances and plays cards with his political masters Hillary and Bill Clinton ("the Babe Ruth of American presidents"), forever preening over the role his advice and prodigious fund-raising played in their success. But on the exchange of money for access implicit in his activities, he is blustery but evasive. McAuliffe has incisive comments on the Democrats' shortcomings, especially their faintheartedness in fighting Republicans. Though he champions the Democrats as the party of the little guy-contrasting their jeans-and-barbecue shindigs with "swank, hoity-toity" GOP fund-raising events -that stance is undercut by all the name-dropping ("Ben Affleck joined Robin, Marsha, Dorothy and me for a quick tour of the skeet range") and elbow rubbing with grungily dressed billionaires. McAuliffe's inflated self-regard may give more ammunition to Republican opponents than his partisan vitriol does to Democratic allies. Photos. (Feb. 1) Copyright 2006 Reed Business Information.

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A People's History of American Empire

Author: Howard Zinn

Adapted from the bestselling grassroots history of the United States, the story of America in the world, told in comics form

Since its landmark publication in 1980, A People’s History of the United States has had six new editions, sold more than 1.7 million copies, become required classroom reading throughout the country, and been turned into an acclaimed play. More than a successful book, A People’s History triggered a revolution in the way history is told, displacing the official versions with their emphasis on great men in high places to chronicle events as they were lived, from the bottom up.
 
Now Howard Zinn, historian Paul Buhle, and cartoonist Mike Konopacki have collaborated to retell, in vibrant comics form, a most immediate and relevant chapter of A People’s History: the centuries-long story of America’s actions in the world. Narrated by Zinn, this version opens with the events of 9/11 and then jumps back to explore the cycles of U.S. expansionism from Wounded Knee to Iraq, stopping along the way at World War I, Central America, Vietnam, and the Iranian revolution. The book also follows the story of Zinn, the son of poor Jewish immigrants, from his childhood in the Brooklyn slums to his role as one of America’s leading historians.
 
Shifting from world-shattering events to one family’s small revolutions, A People’s History of American Empire presents the classic ground-level history of America in a dazzling new form.

School Library Journal

Gr 10 Up -A study of empire-building by established politicians and big businesses from the 1890 Massacre at Wounded Knee through the current Iraq war. As nonfiction sequential art narrative, this stellar volume is compelling both as historical interpretation and you-are-there observation during many eras and in many climes. Konopacki melds realistic and energetic cartoons-Zinn lecturing in the present day, American and Vietnamese soldiers in the jungle, the Shah of Irana's White Revolution-with archival photos and document scraps to create a highly textured visual presentation. Each episode has its own period-specific narrator: Woody Guthrie sings about the Ludlow Massacre, a zoot suiter recounts the convergence of racial politics with popular music, and Zinn remembers his class-conscious boyhood through World War II soldiering and activism undertaken as a Civil Rights-era college professor. Politically charged, this book cana't stand alone as a history text, but it is an essential component for contemporary American government education, as well as an easy work to suggest to both narrative nonfiction and sophisticated comics readers.-Francisca Goldsmith, Halifax Public Libraries, Nova Scotia

Kirkus Reviews

The unknown history and devastating impact of American imperial activities abroad. In this impressively ambitious, if scattered, new offering from Metropolitan's wide-ranging American Empire Project, left-wing historians Zinn (The Unraveling of the Bush Presidency, 2007, etc.) and Buhle (History/Brown Univ.; Students for a Democratic Society: A Graphic History, 2008, etc.) collaborate with graphic artist Konopacki on a graphic adaptation of key sections from Zinn's bestselling A People's History of the United States (1980). The book is imagined as a lecture on the ugly side of history, delivered by the lean, aging Zinn to a darkened auditorium, with each episode illustrated by Konopacki's almost childishly simple illustrations, sometimes crudely buttressed with grainy photographs. Occasionally, perky sidebars titled "ZINNformation" pop up to point readers to a modern analogy or an interesting bit of trivia. It's an effective technique for delivering this laundry list of despicable behavior, though at times the illustrations seem less than capable of truly rendering their subjects. After a prologue that describes the government's vengeful, knee-jerk reactions to 9/11 as "part of a continuing pattern of American behavior," the main narrative begins abruptly with the Wounded Knee massacre of 1890 and moves on to one head-shaking moment of infamy to another. Being that Zinn is most valuable for his insistence on shedding light on dark corners of American history, the book comes most alive when it is describing little-remembered episodes like the shameful American occupation of the Philippines in the aftermath of the Spanish-American War, cleverly enlisting Mark Twain's embittered, virtuallyunknown writings on the subject. The authors' thesis-that America's imperial war machine manufactures conflicts abroad to further its economic interests while stoking consumer demand and tamping down dissent at home-is not developed as fully as it should be, and current wars are strangely missing. An overly episodic but nonetheless powerful teaching tool for the next generation of anti-imperialist activists.

Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics or Political Life of Medicare

Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics

Author: Jack A Goldston

The aim of the book is to highlight and begin to give "voice" to some of the notable "silences" evident in recent years in the study of contentious politics. The coauthors hope to redress the present topical imbalance in the field. In particular, the authors take up seven specific topics in the volume: the relationship between emotions and contention; temporality in the study of contention; the spatial dimensions of contention; leadership in contention; the role of threat in contention; religion and contention; and contention in the context of demographic and life-course processes.

Table of Contents:

	Preface
1	Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics: Introduction	1
2	Emotions and Contentious Politics	14
3	Space in Contentious Politics	51
4	It's About Time: Temporality in the Study of Social Movements and Revolutions	89
5	Leadership Dynamics and Dynamics of Contention	126
6	The Sacred, Religious, and Secular in Contentious Politics: Blurring Boundaries	155
7	Threat (and Opportunity): Popular Action and State Response in the Dynamics of Contentious Action	179
8	Contention in Demographic and Life-Course Context	195
9	Harmonizing the Voices: Thematic Continuity Across the Chapters	222
	References	241
	Index	267

Interesting textbook: Éthique D'affaires :Partie prenante et Approche de Direction d'Éditions

Political Life of Medicare

Author: Jonathan Oberlander

In recent years, bitter partisan disputes have erupted over Medicare reform. Democrats and Republicans have fiercely contested issues such as prescription drug coverage and how to finance Medicare to absorb the baby boomers. As Jonathan Oberlander demonstrates in The Political Life of Medicare, these developments herald the reopening of a historic debate over Medicare's fundamental purpose and structure. Revealing how Medicare politics and policies have developed since Medicare's enactment in 1965 and what the program's future holds, Oberlander's timely and accessible analysis will interest anyone concerned with American politics and public policy, health care politics, aging, and the welfare state.

Hamilton Adams Jefferson or To Perpetual Peace

Hamilton, Adams, Jefferson: The Politics of Enlightenment and the American Founding

Author: Darren Staloff

Alexander Hamilton, the worldly New Yorker; John Adams, the curmudgeonly Yankee; Thomas Jefferson, the visionary Virginia squire—each steered their public lives under the guideposts and constraints of Enlightenment principles, and for each their relationship to the politics of Enlightenment was transformed by the struggle for American independence. Repeated humiliation on America's battlefields banished Hamilton's youthful idealism, leaving him a fervent disciple of enlightened realpolitik and the nation's leading exponent of modern statecraft. After ten years in Europe's diplomatic trenches, Adams's embrace of the politics of Enlightenment became increasingly that of the gadfly of his country. And Jefferson's frustrations as a reformer and then Revolutionary governor in Virginia led him to go beyond his previous enlightened worldview and articulate a new and radical Romantic politics of principle.

Hamilton, Adams, Jefferson is a marvelous reminder that the world of ideas is inextricably bound up in the long trajectory of historical events.

Publishers Weekly

By now it's commonplace to ascribe the principles of the American founding to the Enlightenment, and CUNY historian Staloff offers no startling new information or refreshingly original readings of this period. He contends that the epistemological turn to empiricism, the disenchantment with the metaphysical and the move toward urbanism provide the core of Enlightenment politics, and he uncritically uses these three principles as lenses through which to read the politics of three of America's founders: Hamilton, Adams and Jefferson. Hamilton "promoted rapid industrialization and urban growth fostered by a strong central government capable of projecting its interests and power in the world at large." While Adams shared with John Locke an optimism that scientific education could promote liberty, he knew too well that human nature was corrupt enough to need a political system with checks and balances. Staloff (The Making of an American Thinking Class) gives his most thoughtful readings to Jefferson, who he says fostered a Romantic sensibility in American politics. Jefferson, he says, most changed American politics by showing the need for those politics to be built on an idealistic vision. But among a continuing flood of books about these and other American founders, Staloff's provides little that is new or provocative. (July 4) Copyright 2005 Reed Business Information.

Library Journal

Responding to the continuing demand by the reading public for books about the Founding Fathers, Staloff (history, City Coll. of New York; The Making of an American Thinking Class) provides a biographical and intellectual comparison among three major early American statesmen. He shows how the personal experiences and regional cultural traditions of each man shaded his interpretation of the European Enlightenment. The austere, often arrogant Hamilton, born poor but manifestly upwardly mobile (he became the quintessential New Yorker), embraced a boldly realistic interpretation of the new nation's place in the world. The vain, short-tempered, but introspective and honest Adams, a New Englander from the middling farming class, held similar hardheaded views. The charming Jefferson, of the Southern landed gentry, was a Romantic visionary (and undoubtedly the most enduringly popular of this triumvirate) who opted for "enlightened compromises" in office. A scholar who has studied Northern intellectuals, Staloff here devotes most of his study to Jefferson. He prefers citing the papers of all three men to critiquing the work of those who have previously mined these same sources. Intended to be suggestive rather than conclusive, Staloff's is another, but not the definitive, contribution to the growing literature on America's original greatest generation. For a similar comparative treatment of these three (plus James Madison), see Andrew S. Trees's The Founding Fathers and the Politics of Character. Recommended for all collections.-Frederick J. Augustyn Jr., Library of Congress Copyright 2005 Reed Business Information.

Table of Contents:

Ch. 1	Alexander Hamilton : the enlightenment fulfilled
Ch. 2	John Adams : the enlightenment transcended
Ch. 3	Thomas Jefferson : romantic America

Read also Effective Public Relations or Helping People Help Themselves

To Perpetual Peace

Author: Immanuel Kant

In this short essay, Kant completes his political theory and philosophy of history, considering the prospects for peace among nations and addressing questions that remain central to our thoughts about nationalism, war, and peace.

Ted Humphrey provides an eminently readable translation, along with a brief Introduction that sketches Kant's argument.

Torture Taxi or Hazard Mitigation and Preparedness

Torture Taxi: On the Trail of the CIA's Rendition Flights

Author: Trevor Paglen

"We don't kick the shit out of them. We send them to other countries so that they can kick the shit out of them."-A U.S. official involved in CIA renditions

It's no longer a secret: Since 9/11, the CIA has quietly kidnapped more than a hundred people and detained them at prisons throughout the world. It is called "extraordinary rendition," and it is part of the largestU.S. clandestine operation since the end of the Cold War.

Some detainees have been taken to Egypt and Morocco to be tortured and interrogated. Others have been transported to secret CIA-run facilities in Eastern Europe and Afghanistan, where they, too, have been tortured. Many of the kidnapped detainees have ended up at the U.S. detention camp at Guantanamo, but others have been disappeared entirely.

In this first book to systematically investigate extraordinary rendition, an award-winning investigative journalist and a "military geographer" explore the CIA program in a series of journeys that takes them around the world. They travel to suburban Massachusetts to profile a CIA front company that supplies the agency with airplanes; to Smithfield, North Carolina, to meet pilots who fly CIA aircraft; to the San Francisco suburbs to study with a "planespotter" who tracks the CIA's movements; and to Afghanistan, where the authors visit the notorious "Salt Pit" prison and meet released Afghan detainees.

They find that nearly five years after 9/11, the kidnappings have not stopped. On the contrary, the rendition program has been formalized, colluding with the military when necessary, and constantly changing its cover to remain hidden from sight.

Trevor Paglen is an expert onclandestine military installations. A widely exhibited artist and photographer, he is the author of the two-volume study Secret Bases, Secret Wars.

A.C. Thompson, winner of a 2005 George Polk Award, is a staff writer at the S.F. Weekly. He is a two-time winner of the National Council on Crime and Delinquency's PASS Award for crime reporting, and twice the recipient of the Western Publication Association's Maggie Award.

Book review: Una storia economica concisa del mondo: A partire dai periodi paleolitici al presente

Hazard Mitigation and Preparedness

Author: Anna K Schwab

With this book, readers will learn how to apply their knowledge and skills in order to create communities that are more resilient to the impacts of hazards. It clearly presents the major principles involved in preparing for and mitigating the impacts of hazards in emergency management. This resource also provides real-world examples of different tools and techniques that emergency managers can use to reduce the impact of different types of hazards.

Pre Code Hollywood or Writing Public Policy

Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema, 1930 - 1934

Author: Thomas Doherty

Pre-Code Hollywood explores the fascinating period in American motion picture history from 1930 to 1934 when the commandments of the Production Code Administration were violated with impunity in a series of wildly unconventional films -- a time when censorship was lax and Hollywood made the most of it. Though more unbridled, salacious, subversive, and just plain bizarre than what came afterwards, the films of the period do indeed have the look of Hollywood cinema -- but the moral terrain is so off-kilter that they seem imported from a parallel universe.

In a sense, Doherty avers, the films of pre-Code Hollywood are from another universe. They lay bare what Hollywood under the Production Code attempted to cover up and push offscreen: sexual liaisons unsanctified by the laws of God or man, marriage ridiculed and redefined, ethnic lines crossed and racial barriers ignored, economic injustice exposed and political corruption assumed, vice unpunished and virtue unrewarded -- in sum, pretty much the raw stuff of American culture, unvarnished and unveiled.

No other book has yet sought to interpret the films and film-related meanings of the pre-Code era -- what defined the period, why it ended, and what its relationship was to the country as a whole during the darkest years of the Great Depression... and afterward.

Publishers Weekly

In early 1930s America, weighed down by the Depression, a vice-ridden, wise-cracking, anarchic antiauthoritarianism ruled Hollywood. Doherty's exhaustive cultural history of the films produced in the last years before the enactment of the Motion Picture Production Code reveals how the ascendancy of sound and a plummeting economy led to four years of wildly edgy films (1930-1934), radically different from the spic-and-span products of classic Hollywood. Most of the films chronicled here--sporting titles like Eight Girls in a Boat, Call Her Savage and Merrily We Go to Hell--have been both forgotten by film historians and unavailable to generations of late-night TV viewers. Doherty begins with the misery and discontent gripping the U.S. in the 1930s, explaining how these forces shaped a motion picture industry just learning how to use the power of sound. He organizes the later chapters around a colorful, trashy array of genres: anarchic comedies; horror, gangster and vice films; over-the-top newsreels; and expeditionary films set in dangerous territory. Doherty's plot summaries at times grow tiresome, but he rarely fails to enliven them with gossip, quips or anecdotes. Ultimately , he shows how the fun came to a crashing halt when the National Legion of Decency and the Production Code Administration, spearheaded by Joseph Breen, launched a massive and astonishingly successful crusade to clean up "the pest hole that infects the entire country with its obscene and lascivious moving pictures." Given the politics swirling around Hollywood's edgier fare in the wake of the shootings in Littleton, Colo., this lurid and all too short-lived chapter of Hollywood history has never seemed more germane. (Sept.) FYI: A series at New York's Film Forum, The Joy of Pre-Code, running from August 20 to September 14, 1999, will feature more than 40 precode films, including many discussed by Doherty. Copyright 1999 Cahners Business Information.

Library Journal

From the time shortly after movies learned to talk until 1934, Hollywood producers were guided by a verbal agreement that controlled the content of their work. The public flocked to racy romantic dramas like Red Dust, violent gangster sagas, socially conscious films, and sexy adventures like King Kong and Tarzan and His Mate. But under pressure from church and political leaders, the Production Code soon replaced Mae West with Shirley Temple. This is a fascinating, in-depth look at an overlooked Hollywood era. Doherty (film studies, Brandeis Univ.) re-creates the horse-trading over censorship and the social tensions and casual racism of a young industry, sketched against the backdrop of the Depression at home and the gathering clouds of Nazism in Europe. He also shows how movie self-censorship served the New Deal by promoting "restraint and decorum." Highly recommended for serious movie buffs as well as those interested in the social history of the early Depression.--Stephen Rees, Levittown Regional Lib., PA Copyright 1999 Cahners Business Information.

Kirkus Reviews

Early sound film is revealed as a morally lax medium ready for the boundaries of the Code and the steadying presence of FDR. In the opening chapter, Doherty (American and Film Studies/Brandeis; Projections of War: Hollywood, American Culture, and World War II, 1993) sets the scene for the wild era, showing how the Great Depression and the transition to sound technology created nervous studios and cynical, antiauthoritarian audiences. He then surveys popular genres—adventure, gangster, horror, prison, and sex movies, comedies and newsreels, preachment yarns—and illustrates the antigovernment sentiment, sexual ambiguity, and vice that dominated the screen in films such as Wild Boys of the Road, Scarface, and The Sign of the Cross. Although the Production Code was introduced in 1930, it was not until 1934, with the threat of federal regulation and the "calming equilibrium" of President Franklin Roosevelt, that it was adopted by the film industry. For studios, the code's effects were positive: immediately after the establishment of the Production Code Administration, movie attendance increased and studios rebounded. For pre-code headliners, the effects were mixed, as Doherty's analyses of the Marx Brothers and Mae West attest. Just as the need for national unity during the Great Depression gave reason for the Production Code, so postwar prosperity allowed Americans the personal freedom and "wider selection of moral options" that killed it. Ironically, the death knell came from a Hollywood insider: Alfred Hitchcock, with Psycho (1960), the shocking film that left the Code "walking dead." Scholarly but at ease with a Hollywood aside or period slang, this book sits instyle between Andrew Bergman's We're in the Money and Stanley Cavell's Pursuits of Happiness, two other codifications of film eras or genres. As for what was missed, why not have examined the pre-code continental wantonness of Lubitsch films, which make moral and criminal liberties second nature? Providing a nearly complete chronicle and casting unifying light on an unexplored era in film, this may become a standard. Useful appendices include the text of the Production Code. (67 b&w photos, not seen)

New interesting book: Network Security Technologies and Solutions or Madden NFL 08

Writing Public Policy: Practical Guide to Communicating in Public Policy Processes

Author: Catherine F Smith

Writing Public Policy is a hands-on, concise guide to writing and communicating in public policy processes. Designed to help students, practitioners, and other "doers" understand and perform common types of communication used in solving public problems, the book introduces the institutional democratic process in the U.S. and explains the standards and functions of communicating in the public sector.
Coverage includes:
* A general method for planning, composing, and assessing communications in a variety of real-life contexts and situations
* Specific instructions for writing and speaking in public policy processes
* Scenarios that illustrate the complexity in policy processes, highlighting their diversity of contexts--including state agencies and local boards, non-profit organizations, federal government committees, special interest groups, and professional associations--the variety of actors involved, and the range of communication types produced
* Commentary relating the scenarios and examples to the general method
* Checklists of expected standards to enable communicators to assess their products
Highly practical and accessible, Writing Public Policy demonstrates the skills and techniques needed to effectively communicate in the democratic process of making public policy. Ideal for courses in public policy studies, civic writing, and technical/business/legal writing, it is also an invaluable resource for practitioners--and students preparing for careers--in public policy, politics, government, public relations, law, journalism, social work, public health, or in any area concerned with public affairs.

Table of Contents:

	Introduction : how to use this book
Ch. 1	Public policy making	1
Ch. 2	Communication in the process	8
Ch. 3	Definition : frame the problem	19
Ch. 4	Legislative history : know the record	42
Ch. 5	Position paper : know the arguments	62
Ch. 6	Petitions and proposals : request action or propose policy	76
Ch. 7	Briefing memo or opinion statement : inform policy makers	93
Ch. 8	Testimony : witness in a public hearing	111
Ch. 9	Written public comment : influence administration	125
	Conclusion : ready for change	139

Letters to the Next President or Total Cold War

Letters to the Next President

Author: Carl Glickman

This 2008 election edition reopens today's critical issues in public education. Once again speaking to the next president, this stellar collection of more than thirty letters speaks to the future of American students and the need for an educated and engaged citizenry. Top education experts, elected officials, business and community leaders, teachers, principals, students, and parents discuss the dangerous shortcomings of current state and federal policies and offer suggestions for what can be done about it.

Table of Contents:

Note on the 2008 Election Edition     xi
Foreword: Where Do We Start to Sweep?   Bill Cosby     xiii
Acknowledgments     xvii
Introduction   Carl Glickman     1
Schools for All
Journey to a New Life   Rosa Fernandez     9
Helping Me to Raise My Hand   Vance Rawles     14
Creating Schools We Can Trust   Deborah Meier     18
If We Had the Will to See It Happen   Asa G. Hilliard III     27
Getting Our Responsibilities Right   Sophie Sa     35
It's Past Time to Fund What We Mandate   Jim Jeffords     43
Financing America's Future-How Money Counts   William J. Mathis     47
Why We Need Public Education   John I. Goodlad     54
Learning for All
Broken Roads and the Great Mother Earth   Derrick Attakai   Evalena Joey   Britta Mitchell   Melody Riggs   Manuel Thompson   Mark Sorensen     63
In Struggle and Hope   Lisa Delpit     70
Nine Million Voices   Rachel Tompkins     77
How Our High School Makes a Difference   George Wood     85
Putting the Arts Back in America'sABC's   Reynold Levy     94
When Does {dollar}1.00 Equal {dollar}7.00?   Lilian Katz     100
What They Do With the Other 73 Percent of Their Time   Louis B. Casagrande     106
Teaching for All
My Students, My School   Karen Hale Hankins     113
Teaching Darius to Dream   Jacqueline Jordan Irvine     120
Why We Continue to Stay   Jane Ross     127
The Gap Between What We Say and What We Do   Arturo Pacheco     134
Revolving Doors and Leaky Buckets   Richard Ingersoll     141
Standards for All
Choking the Life Out of Classrooms   Sylvia Bruni     151
What My Students Need to Know   Edward C. Montgomery     158
The No-Win Accountability Game   W. James Popham     166
Going Beyond the Slogans and Rhetoric   Pedro Noguera     174
"...And Equal Education for All"   Jeannie Oakes   Martin Lipton     184
A President Who "Gets It"   Thomas Sobol     193
Education for All
The Civic Mission of Schools   John Glenn   Leslie F. Hergert     201
What We All Want for Each of Our Children   Theodore R. Sizer      207
Postcards from America   Michelle Fine   April Burns   Maria Elena Torre     211
Learning to Come Alive   Maxine Greene     223
Voices Closest to the Ones We Love   Ken Rolling   Sandra Halladey     228
A Nation of Learners   Pam Solo     233
Crafting Legislation   Elizabeth DeBray-Pelot     239
Conclusion: Schools That Work for All Children   Linda Darling-Hammond     243
Organizations for Parents, Educators, and Activists     259
Organizational Statement on the No Child Left Behind Act     261
About the Editor and Contributors     267

Book review: Meltdown or Cuba Confidential

Total Cold War: Eisenhower's Secret Propaganda Battle at Home and Abroad

Author: Kenneth Osgood

When President Dwight Eisenhower spoke of waging "total cold war," he was proposing nothing less than a global, all-embracing battle for hearts and minds. His wide-ranging propaganda campaign challenged world communism at every turn and left a lasting mark on the American psyche.

Kenneth Osgood now chronicles the secret psychological warfare programs America developed at the height of the Cold War. These programs—which were often indistinguishable from CIA covert operations—went well beyond campaigns to foment unrest behind the Iron Curtain. The effort was global: U.S. propaganda campaigns targeted virtually every country in the free world.

Total Cold War also shows that Eisenhower waged his propaganda war not just abroad, but also at home. U.S. psychological warfare programs blurred the lines between foreign and domestic propaganda with campaigns that both targeted the American people and enlisted them as active participants in global contest for public opinion.

Osgood focuses on major campaigns such as Atoms for Peace, People-to-People, and cultural exchange programs. Drawing on recently declassified documents that record U.S. psychological operations in some three dozen countries, he tells how U.S. propaganda agencies presented everyday life in America to the world: its citizens living full, happy lives in a classless society where economic bounty was shared by all. Osgood further investigates the ways in which superpower disarmament negotiations were used as propaganda maneuvers in the battle for international public opinion. He also reexamines the early years of the space race, focusing especially on the challenge to American propagandists posed by theSoviet launch of Sputnik.

Perhaps most telling, Osgood takes a new look at President Eisenhower's leadership. Believing that psychological warfare was a potent weapon in America's arsenal, Ike appears in these pages not as a disinterested figurehead, as he's often been portrayed, but as an activist president who left a profound mark on national security affairs.

Osgood's distinctive interpretation places Cold War propaganda campaigns in the context of an international arena drastically changed by the communications revolution and the age of mass politics and total war. It provides a new perspective on the conduct of public diplomacy, even as Americans today continue to grapple with the challenges of winning other hearts and minds in another global struggle.

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists - Emily Rosenberg

Absorbing and readable.

Pacific Historical Review

Osgood has written probably the best book to date on any aspect of U.S. Cold War propaganda.

American Historical Review

Osgood's penetrating analysis is the work of an astute and accomplished historian.

Journal of Military History

A well-written and beautifully illustrated book that offers valuable insights for those engaged in the global war on terrorism.

Journal of American History

Provocative and disturbing. . . . Deserves a wide audience.

Struggle for Empire or Quarantine

Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict under Louis the German, 817-876

Author: Eric J Goldberg

Struggle for Empire explores the contest for kingdoms and power among Charlemagne's descendants that shaped the formation of Europe. It examines this pivotal era through the reign of Charlemagne's grandson, Louis the German (826-876), one of the longest-ruling Carolingian kings. Eric J. Goldberg's book brings the enigmatic Louis to life and makes a vital contribution to recent reevaluations of the late Carolingian age.

In the Treaty of Verdun of 843, Louis inherited the eastern territories of the Carolingian empire, thereby laying the foundations for an east Frankish kingdom. But, as Goldberg emphasizes, Louis was never satisfied with his realm beyond the Rhine. Louis was a skilled and cultured ruler who modeled himself on Charlemagne, and he aspired to rebuild his grandfather's empire. This ambition to reunite Europe brought Louis into repeated conflict with other rulers: Carolingian kings, Byzantine emperors, Bulgar khans, Roman popes, and Slavic warlords. While Louis ultimately failed to reunify the empire, his fifty-year reign produced a period of remarkable political consolidation and cultural creativity in central Europe.

By highlighting the ways in which dynastic rivalries, aristocratic rebellions, diplomacy, and warfare shaped Louis's reign, Struggle for Empire uncovers the dynamism and innovation of ninth-century kingship. To trace Louis's evolving policies, Goldberg moves beyond the evidence traditionally used to study his reign-the Annals of Fulda-and exploits the visual arts, liturgy, archeology, and especially charters. The result is a remarkably comprehensive and colorful picture of Carolingian kingship in action.

Table of Contents:

	Acknowledgments	ix
	Note on Terms and Names	xi
	Abbreviations	xv
	Introduction	1
Part I	Winning a Kingdom	21
1	The Young King, ca. 810-829	23
2	Father and Sons, 830-838	57
3	The Fight for Survival, 838-843	86
Part II	King in East Francia	117
4	Frontier Wars, 844-852	119
5	Consolidation and Reform, 844-852	147
6	Kingship and Government	186
Part III	Visions of Empire	231
7	Drang nach Westen, 853-860	233
8	Trials and Triumphs, 861-870	263
9	The Call of Rome, 871-876	304
	Epilogue	335
Appendix 1	Maps	347
Appendix 2	Genealogies	353
	Selected Bibliography	357
	Index	375

Interesting textbook: Betty Crockers Eat and Lose Weight or Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the MindBodySpirit Connection

Quarantine!: East European Jewish Immigrants and the New York City Epidemics of 1892

Author: Howard Markel

" Quarantine! unites the best of the two worlds of social history and clinical history in a narrative style so personal and at times gripping that a reader forgets that the book is meant primarily to be a scholarly text... Markel is as much spinning a complex yarn as he is writing a scrupulously researched chronicle."--Sherwin B. Nuland, M.D., New Republic

"Markel does the best job I have seen of depicting the experience of the quarantined--as well as explaining something of the political and etiological/prophylactic debates that framed and legitimated the quarantine itself. Along the way he makes substantive contributions to Jewish history, urban history, and public health history."--Charles E. Rosenberg, University of Pennsylvania

In Quarantine! Howard Markel traces the course of the typhus and cholera epidemics that swept through New York City in 1892. The story is told from the point of view of those involved -- the public health doctors who diagnosed and treated the victims, the newspaper reporters who covered the stories, the government officials who established and enforced policy, and, most importantly, the immigrants themselves. Drawing on rarely cited stories from the Yiddish American press, immigrant diaries and letters, and official accounts, Markel follows the immigrants on their journey from a squalid and precarious existence in Russia's Pale of Settlement, to their passage in steerage, to New York's Lower East Side, to the city's quarantine islands. At a time of renewed anti-immigrant sentiment and newly emerging infectious diseases, Quarantine! provides a historical context for considering some of the significant problemsthat face American society today.

"Beautifully written and thoroughly researched... This is a fine piece of history with a timely and thoughtful message; it deserves a wide readership among both health care professionals and professional historians."--Nancy Tomes, New England Journal of Medicine

"One of the major strengths of the book is the balance between the social construction of disease and the biological realities of illness... Quarantine! therefore provides an important cautionary tale not only for historians, but also for medical professionals who need to deal with modern epidemics in a rational and humane manner."--Heather Munro Prescott, New York History

"With vivid brush strokes Markel sketches in many of the colorful personalities who figured in his tale... Quarantine! is a fascinating and moving account."--Betty Falkenberg, Pakn Treger

Journal of the American Medical Association

This carefully examined, clearly written, and meticulously documented study is an important book. Read with the synoptic study of Alan Kraut, Silent Travelers: Germs, Genes and the "Immigrant Menace", it reminds us again of how disease outbreaks elicit public panic, media frenzy, discrimination, and political opportunism. We need only reflect on political issues of our time surrounding AIDS in Haitians, drug users, incarceration (quarantine) of the homeless for tuberculosis treatment, and "diseased" illegal immigrants to realize that we are not as humane and civilized as we think. Will we be free of stigmatization, will we provide good medical care, proper food and housing, and attention to cultural differences, if we have to quarantine a population?

Daniel R. Hinthorn

The 1892 quarantine as applied to Russian Jews and Italians in New York City during the international outbreak of typhus fever and cholera showed the social and ethical fabric of those in political power as they inconsistently applied quarantine based on race and social status, often without regard for individual civil rights. Societal-imposed barriers (political, economic, cultural, or legal) often cause the ill to be isolated or to feel isolated even if the dreaded quarantine placard is not actually hung in the window. The author succeeds in conveying the feelings of isolation and impotence felt by the diseased disadvantaged. Those who will find this book useful include students of history of medicine, history and development of ethics; persons interested in social theory, public health, legal medicine; and students of microbiology and infectious diseases. The author is a pediatrician with a doctorate in history. Because his roots are in the community that was disenfranchised, he is able to compare the events from the viewpoints of each side. The author contrasts traditional news reports with those from the alternative press, in this case the American Yiddish press. He critiques inconsistently administered quarantine using peer reviewers who spoke or wrote contemporaneously about the public health, and shows how scientific knowledge was not used in decision making. Instead, those in charge made public health decisions at an emotional level similar to decisions prior to scientific advances. The book is well illustrated with black-and-white photographs of people, maps, and buildings at the time of the epidemics. The photograph on the dust cover is of fine quality, helping thereader understand the frustrations of those quarantined. The annotated bibliography is helpful. This book is a must read. It caused me to modify my feelings about quarantine. The ethical treatment of the topic clearly convinced me that a balance between individual rights and the public health must be watched closely to prevent trampling on those without money, status, or an advocate.

Doody Review Services

Reviewer: Daniel R. Hinthorn, MD (University of Kansas School of Medicine)
Description: The 1892 quarantine as applied to Russian Jews and Italians in New York City during the international outbreak of typhus fever and cholera showed the social and ethical fabric of those in political power as they inconsistently applied quarantine based on race and social status, often without regard for individual civil rights.
Purpose: Societal-imposed barriers (political, economic, cultural, or legal) often cause the ill to be isolated or to feel isolated even if the dreaded quarantine placard is not actually hung in the window. The author succeeds in conveying the feelings of isolation and impotence felt by the diseased disadvantaged.
Audience: Those who will find this book useful include students of history of medicine, history and development of ethics; persons interested in social theory, public health, legal medicine; and students of microbiology and infectious diseases. The author is a pediatrician with a doctorate in history. Because his roots are in the community that was disenfranchised, he is able to compare the events from the viewpoints of each side.
Features: The author contrasts traditional news reports with those from the alternative press, in this case the American Yiddish press. He critiques inconsistently administered quarantine using peer reviewers who spoke or wrote contemporaneously about the public health, and shows how scientific knowledge was not used in decision making. Instead, those in charge made public health decisions at an emotional level similar to decisions prior to scientific advances. The book is well illustrated with black-and-white photographs of people, maps, and buildings at the time of the epidemics. The photograph on the dust cover is of fine quality, helping the reader understand the frustrations of those quarantined. The annotated bibliography is helpful.
Assessment: This book is a must read. It caused me to modify my feelings about quarantine. The ethical treatment of the topic clearly convinced me that a balance between individual rights and the public health must be watched closely to prevent trampling on those without money, status, or an advocate.

Library Journal

A Ph.D. in the history of science, medicine, and technology, Markel is director of the Historical Center for the Health Sciences at the University of Michigan. Here he skillfully explores the social, cultural, medical, and political issues surrounding the quarantine of East European Jewish immigrants during the typhus and cholera epidemics in 1892 New York City. He cites an impressive array of primary and secondary sources, including Yiddish American newspapers, congressional records, public health records, and the personal correspondence of public health officials and of the immigrants themselves. Using these materials, Markel supports very effectively his assertion that although the epidemics were indeed public health threats, the quarantine of the Jewish immigrants had more to do with prejudice, class distinctions, and political scapegoating than with the consistent employment of the scientific method. Highly recommended for medical history collections, this book would be an excellent companion to Alan M. Kraut's broader Silent Travelers: Germs, Genes, and the Immigrant Menace (LJ 1/94).Ximena Chrisagis, Wright State Univ., Dayton, Ohio

Kirkus Reviews

A revealing cultural and medical history that demonstrates how eastern European Jews, already subject to a kind of social quarantine, became the scapegoats when typhus and cholera struck New York City in 1892.

Markel, a clinicial historian who now directs the Historical Center for Health Sciences at the University of Michigan Medical School, documents the quarantine year through immigrant diaries and letters, Jewish social-agency reports, government files, and the press—both Yiddish and American. Liberal use of photographs, maps, cartoons, diagrams, and drawings add to the impact of Markel's powerful narrative. When an outbreak of typhus fever in January 1892 was traced to the SS Massilia, which carried 268 Russian Jewish immigrants, every single one, sick and healthy alike, along with several thousand healthy Jews with whom they had been in contact, were quarantined on North Brother Island in the East River. The focus was not on treatment of the ill but on isolation of the suspect group and protection of the native-born. Later that year, when cholera struck, Russian Jewish immigrants were again targeted. Whereas the typhus epidemic had been managed by the New York City Health Department, the cholera outbreak brought federal and state authorities into contentious play. Markel reveals how prejudice, fear, and anti-immigrant sentiment shaped both public reaction and official policy. He points out that the intertwining of immigration policy with fear of imported disease and social scapegoating that marked this episode in our history continues to the present day, and he notes that responses to future public health crises will be as much a measure of society's perceptions of health, disease, and individual rights as they are of medical and scientific understanding.

A valuable contribution to the history of public health in America, to New York City history, and to American Jewish history.

Rating

4 Stars! from Doody

Faces of Poverty or Poetics of Relation

Faces of Poverty: Portraits of Women and Children on Welfare

Author: Jill Duerr Berrick

Most Americans are insulated from the poor; it's hard to imagine the challenges of poverty, the daily fears of crime and victimization, the frustration of not being able to provide for a child. Instead, we are often exposed to the rhetoric and hyperbole about the excesses of the American welfare system. These messages color our perception of the welfare problem in the United States and they close the American mind to a full understanding of the complexity of family poverty. But who are these poor families? What do we know about how they arrived in such desperate straits? Is poverty their fate for a lifetime or for only a brief period? In Faces of Poverty, Jill Duerr Berrick answers these questions as she dispels the misconceptions and myths about welfare and the welfare population that have clouded the true picture of poverty in America.
Over the course of a year, Berrick spent numerous hours as a participant-observer with five women and their families, documenting their daily activities, thoughts, and fears as they managed the strains of poverty. We meet Ana, Sandy, Rebecca, Darlene, and Cora, all of whom, at some point, have turned to welfare for support. Each represents a wider segment of the welfare population--ranging from Ana (who lost a business, injured her back, and temporarily lost her job, all in a short period of time) to Cora (who was raised in poverty, spent ten years in an abusive relationship, and now struggles to raise six children in a drug-infested neighborhood). And as Berrick documents these women's experiences, she also debunks many of the myths about welfare: she reveals that welfare is not generous (welfare families remain below the poverty line evenwith government assistance); that the majority of women on welfare are not long-term welfare dependents; that welfare does not run in families; that "welfare mothers" do not keep having children to increase their payments (women on welfare have, on average, two children); and that almost half of all women on welfare turned to it after a divorce.
At a time when welfare has become a hotly debated political issue, Faces of Poverty gives us the facts. The debate surrounding welfare will continue as each of the 50 states struggles to reform their welfare programs, and this debate will turn on the public's perception of the welfare population. Berrick offers insight into each of the reforms under consideration and starkly demonstrates their implications for poor women and children. She provides a window into these women's lives, brilliantly portraying their hopes and fears and their struggle to live with dignity.


"Berrick proves to be a superb reporter and analyst, compassionate without being maudlin."--The Oakland Tribune

"An absorbing solidly documented study of America's welfare system and the circumstances of five women and their children who are dependent on it....A passionate, perceptive assessment of a complex and timely issue."--Kirkus Reviews

"Battling media stereotypes of welfare recipients as lazy, scheming 'welfare queens,' Berrick...provides probing profiles of five typical welfare mother....She concludes with a tart critique of various welfare reform proposals such as time limits and caps on family grants."--Publishers Weekly

Publishers Weekly

Battling media stereotypes of welfare recipients as lazy, scheming ``welfare queens,'' Berrick, Director of the Center for Research on Public Social Services at the School of Social Welfare at the University of California, Berkeley, provides probing profiles of five typical welfare mothers. The slide into welfare may be triggered by misfortune, such as a workplace injury, or it may seem the inexorable result of a life stuck in a web of misfortune. Many welfare recipients, the author observes, work off the books to augment their meager stipends, as each increment of reported income decreases their checks. Since women on welfare are a diverse lot, some needing a boost, others much more help, Berrick warns that any universal reform will fail. She concludes with a tart critique of various welfare reform proposals such as time limits and caps on family grants. ``Welfare is only part of the dilemma,'' warns Berrick, noting that poverty policy is linked to issues like raising the minimum wage and providing child care and health coverage. (Sept.)

Book review: Adobe PageMaker 70 Basics or Building High Availability Windows Server 2003 Solutions

Poetics of Relation

Author: Edouard Glissant

Édouard Glissant, long recognized in the French and francophone world as one of the greatest writers and thinkers of our times, is increasingly attracting attention from English-speaking readers. Born in Martinique in 1928, Glissant earned a doctorate from the Sorbonne. When he returned to his native land in the mid-sixties, his writing began to focus on the idea of a "relational poetics," which laid the groundwork for the "créolité" movement, fueled by the understanding that Caribbean culture and identity are the positive products of a complex and multiple set of local historical circumstances. Some of the metaphors of local identity Glissant favored--the hinterland (or lack of it), the maroon (or runaway slave), the creole language--proved lasting and influential.

In Poetics of Relation, Glissant turns the concrete particulars of Caribbean reality into a complex, energetic vision of a world in transformation. He sees the Antilles as enduring suffering imposed by history, yet as a place whose unique interactions will one day produce an emerging global consensus. Arguing that the writer alone can tap the unconscious of a people and apprehend its multiform culture to provide forms of memory capable of transcending "nonhistory," Glissant defines his "poetics of relation"--both aesthetic and political--as a transformative mode of history, capable of enunciating and making concrete a French-Caribbean reality with a self-defined past and future. Glissant's notions of identity as constructed in relation and not in isolation are germane not only to discussions of Caribbean creolization but also to our understanding of U.S. multiculturalism. InGlissant's view, we come to see that relation in all its senses--telling, listening, connecting, and the parallel consciousness of self and surroundings--is the key to transforming mentalities and reshaping societies.

This translation of Glissant's work preserves the resonating quality of his prose and makes the richness and ambiguities of his voice accessible to readers in English.

"The most important theoretician from the Caribbean writing today. . . . He is central not only to the burgeoning field of Caribbean studies, but also to the newly flourishing literary scene in the French West Indies." --Judith Graves Miller, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Édouard Glissant is Distinguished Professor of French at City University of New York, Graduate Center. Betsy Wing's recent translations include Lucie Aubrac's Outwitting the Gestapo (with Konrad Bieber), Didier Eribon's Michel Foucault and Hélêne Cixous's The Book of Promethea.